Financial monitoring is a bank's check of client transactions against money laundering: it may request documents, suspend a payment or close an account.
Financial monitoring is the set of measures banks and other financial institutions use to detect transactions linked to money laundering, terrorist financing or fraud. In Ukraine the main rules are set by Law No. 361-IX, and the National Bank supervises banks.
A bank must know its client: verify identity, establish sources of income and watch whether transactions match usual behaviour. If a transaction looks suspicious, the bank may request documents, suspend it for 2 working days and report it to the State Financial Monitoring Service, which may extend the suspension. If the client gives no explanation or the risk is unacceptably high, the bank may refuse service and close the account.
The most common triggers are many transfers from different people to a personal card, money passing straight through, and amounts that do not match confirmed income. As of November 2026 the NBU is preparing a resolution with 16 signs of atypical client behaviour, but it has not yet been adopted.
In detail, with examples: Bank blocked your card or account in Ukraine: why it happens and how to unblock it
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